The Political Thought of St. Thomas Aquinas

This book provides a comprehensive examination of the political thought of St. Thomas Aquinas, exploring his contributions to political theory, justice, law, and governance in relation to natural law, the common good, and the role of both secular and religious authorities. Rooted in Aristotelian philosophy and Christian theology, Aquinas' political philosophy seeks to reconcile reason with divine law, asserting that law is an ordinance of reason aimed at the common good, and that legitimate political authority is derived from moral principles. Throughout the book, Aquinas' reflections on monarchy, democracy, justice, the state, and the rights and duties of citizens are explored in depth, highlighting how his work shaped both Catholic social teaching and broader political thought. The influence of Aquinas' ideas is traced across history, from medieval debates on Church-State relations to the rise of modern secularism and contemporary political theory. Drawing on primary sources from Aquinas' own works, as well as the writings of later thinkers who engaged with his ideas, the book offers a critical analysis of his enduring impact on moral and political philosophy. By examining Aquinas' theories on law, justice, property, and resistance to tyranny, the book demonstrates how his thought provides a timeless framework for understanding the ethical dimensions of governance and the pursuit of justice in both the individual and societal contexts. The legacy of Aquinas' work continues to resonate today in ongoing discussions on human rights, the role of the state, and the moral limits of political power.