Advanced Intelligent Computing Technology and Applications: 21st International Conference, ICIC 2025, Ningbo, China, July 26–29, 2025, Proceedings, Part I

The 12-volume set CCIS 2564-2575, together with the 28-volume set LNCS/LNAI/LNBI 15842-15869, constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 21st International Conference on Intelligent Computing, ICIC 2025, held in Ningbo, China, during July 26-29, 2025. The 523 papers presented in these proceedings books were carefully reviewed and selected from 4032 submissions. This year, the conference concentrated mainly on the theories and methodologies as well as the emerging applications of intelligent computing. Its aim was to unify the picture of contemporary intelligent computing techniques as an integral concept that highlights the trends in advanced computational intelligence and bridges theoretical research with applications. Therefore, the theme for this conference was "Advanced Intelligent Computing Technology and Applications".