Before Nations: How Infrastructure Created Civilization

"Before nations, there were roads. Before flags, there were canals. And long before identity, there was infrastructure." Civilization did not begin with common languages or shared myths—it began with the coordination of material systems. In Before Nations, Thomas Prescott provides a quietly radical re-examination of human history, arguing that political authority followed logistical capability, not the other way around. From the first irrigation networks to the birth of the granary, this book reveals that the primary task of early leaders was not to build a "people," but to manage the infrastructure of survival. Moving with the analytical sweep of Against the Grain and the structural clarity of Guns, Germs, and Steel, Prescott explores the "Infrastructure of Power." He investigates the "Hydraulic State"—where whoever controlled water controlled life—and explains how states emerged only where grain could be counted, stored, and taxed. The book dismantles the myth that nations are the foundation of complex society, showing instead that cities were logistical machines long before they were symbols of identity. Through a forensic look at early administration, Prescott proves that standardization and record-keeping preceded flags for millennia, with ancient empires ruling systems rather than ethnic groups. Before Nations is a vital roadmap for a world obsessed with identity-first history. Prescott argues that modern states still run on this ancient logic; power continues to flow through energy grids, ports, and supply chains rather than through belief alone. When these material networks fail, civilization regresses, proving that infrastructure is more durable than any ideology or revolution. This is an essential inquiry for anyone ready to look beneath the flag and see the network that truly makes our world possible. Civilization is not who we are—it is what we built.