Language and Being in al-Fārābī: The Philosophy of Taškīk

Language and Being in al-Fārābī is the first monograph devoted to the philosophy of language and metaphysics of Abu Nasr al-Farabi (d. 950), a medieval Aristotelian and Islamic philosopher. It looks at the Arabic theory of the amphibolous (ambiguous, having two opposing meanings) predication of 'being' and its genesis in the philosophy of Farabi. Stemming from Aristotle's pros hen homonymy, and parallel to the Latin analogy of being, amphibolous predication would enjoy a long history in Islamic philosophy until the contemporary period. This book is the first study of its Farabian origins. Through studying this theory, this book examines how Farabi constructs the relationship between language and being. What is the relationship between the term 'being', its signification, and the reality of what is, according to Farabi? What is it for something to be what-it-is? And how does human language signify being? The book explores how Farabi conceives of an ideal ontological foundation to language, albeit one that is mediated by our intellection of what is. As such, our knowledge of what is and our ability to speak about being must begin with our perception. Subsequently, the book investigates Farabi's essentialist metaphysics, the theory of emanation, and the refutation of Parmenidean monism. The book contends that these Farabian beginnings to amphibolous predication are central to understanding the subsequent developments of the theory in the following centuries.