Philosophers of Language and Knowledge

These two books are contained in this bundle: - Ludwig Wittgenstein: Wittgenstein underwent a significant philosophical transformation after his work on the Tractatus, largely due to his dissatisfaction with the results of his early approach. By the time of his later work, particularly in Philosophical Investigations, Wittgenstein had rejected the picture theory of meaning and developed the concept of "language games." He argued that meaning is not inherent in words themselves but is derived from their use in various social contexts. Language, for Wittgenstein, is a tool embedded in human practices and activities. He claimed that understanding language requires understanding the ways it functions in specific contexts, challenging the idea of a fixed, underlying structure of meaning. - Michel Foucault: Michel Foucault, a French philosopher, historian, and social theorist, is renowned for his critical exploration of power, knowledge, and social institutions. Born in 1926, Foucault’s work spans a range of disciplines, from philosophy to sociology, psychology, and political science. His intellectual journey reflects a unique approach to understanding human societies, focusing not on abstract metaphysical systems but on the structures that shape human behavior, knowledge, and institutions.