The Time-Tested Republic

The Time-Tested Republic Beyond the State – Gadaa as a Living Blueprint for Ethical Governance By Temesgen Muleta-Erena What if the future of governance lies not in reinventing the wheel, but in rediscovering a time-tested republic rooted in indigenous sovereignty? In this groundbreaking volume, Temesgen M. Erena—diagnostic architect, reformer, and founder of TC Press—presents Gadaa not as a symbolic artifact, but as a living constitutional system developed and sustained by the Oromo people of East Africa. Across generations and borders, Gadaa has endured as a decentralized, ethical framework for multigenerational coordination, ritual accountability, and adaptive governance. Far from being a diplomatic ornament for centralized regimes, Gadaa is a sovereign architecture—rooted in the moral economy of Safuu, the gendered justice of Siinqee, and the ritual integrity of Ateetee and Daadoo. Erena blends thermodynamics, behavioural economics, and stylized narrative to universalize Oromo epistemology into reproducible frameworks for planetary stewardship and institutional reform. Each essay is edited for clarity, citation integrity, and metadata precision—making it accessible to scholars, reformers, and citizen readers alike. Whether you're a policymaker, economist, anthropologist, or seeker of dignified systems, The Time-Tested Republic invites you to rethink governance from the ground up—and from the inside out. About the Author Temesgen Muleta-Erena holds a PhD from the University of West London and an MA in Economics from the University of East Anglia (UEA). As founder of TC Press, he specializes in modular, reproducible publishing that bridges indigenous epistemology with global institutional reform. His work translates ritual economy, moral codes, and behavioural theory into accessible frameworks for both scholarly and citizen audiences. Published by TC Press Modular. Reproducible. Sovereign.