Astronomy

This book consists of 3 titles, which are the following: Exoplanets - Exploring exoplanets opens up a realm of possibilities for understanding the vastness of the cosmos. With over 4,000 confirmed exoplanets discovered to date, each new finding offers a glimpse into the incredible diversity of worlds that exist beyond our solar system. Planetary Formation - Planetary formation is a captivating process that unfolds over millions to billions of years, sculpting the celestial bodies that populate our cosmos. It begins within the swirling embrace of a protoplanetary disk, a vast expanse of gas and dust leftover from the birth of a new star. Within this cosmic crucible, tiny grains of dust collide and coalesce, forming larger and larger aggregates known as planetesimals. Through the relentless pull of gravity, these planetesimals grow into protoplanets, embryonic worlds with the potential to one day become full-fledged planets. Stellar Evolution - Stellar evolution refers to the process by which a star changes over the course of time. This field of astrophysics studies the formation, life, and death of stars, which involves a series of complex physical processes and transformations. Here, we outline the key stages and concepts in stellar evolution.