Hollywood's Second Sex: The Treatment of Women in the Film Industry, 1900-1999

"Women stars in Hollywood were invariably in one of two categories," said director Otto Preminger. "One group was made up of women who were exploited by men, and the other, much smaller group was composed of women who survived by acting like men." Beginning with silent film vamp Theda Bara and continuing with icons like Greta Garbo, Marilyn Monroe and Raquel Welch, this study of film industry misogyny describes how female stars were maltreated by a sexist studio system--until women like Katharine Hepburn and Bette Davis fought for parity. The careers of Doris Day, Brigitte Bardot, Carole Landis, Francis Farmer, Dorothy Dandridge, Inger Stevens and many others are examined, along with more recent actresses like Demi Moore and Sharon Stone. Women who worked behind the scenes, writing screenplays, producing and directing without due credit, are also covered.