Nominalism: A Note on the Philosophical School

This audiobook is narrated by a digital voice. Nominalism is one of the most enduring and provocative philosophical doctrines in the history of Western thought. It raises a deceptively simple question that has echoed across centuries: Do universals exist? When we speak of "redness," "justice," or "humanity," are we referring to real entities with existence beyond individual things, or are we merely using convenient linguistic labels? Nominalism asserts the latter—arguing that only particular things truly exist, and that so-called "universals" are nothing more than names we assign for practical communication. This audiobook is an exploration of that idea and its profound implications. What began as a metaphysical stance in medieval philosophy has shaped debates in logic, epistemology, language, science, and even theology. From the early formulations of Roscelin of Compiègne and the rigorous developments of William of Ockham, to modern revivals in analytic philosophy and computer science, Nominalism has acted as both a critique of abstract theorizing and a call to ground our thinking in the particular and the concrete. The philosophical tension between universals and particulars—between the abstract and the real—runs deep in human thought. Plato famously championed the opposite view, positing a realm of Forms in which universals exist independently and eternally. Nominalism, by contrast, challenges this metaphysical hierarchy, asserting that only individual objects populate the world and that what we call "universals" are simply mental constructs or linguistic tools. This clash between Realism and Nominalism is not merely technical or academic; it reflects fundamental differences in how we perceive reality, interpret knowledge, and assign meaning to the world around us.